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Lāhainā is the largest census-designated place (CDP) in West Maui, Maui County, Hawaii, United States, and the gateway to the famous Ka'anapali and Kapalua beach resorts to its north. As of the 2010 census, the CDP had a resident population of 11,704. Lahaina encompasses the coast along Hawaii Route 30 from a tunnel at the south end, through Olawalu, and to the CDP of Napili-Honokowai to the north. During the tourist season, the population can swell to nearly 40,000 people. Lahaina was the capital of the Kingdom of Hawaii before Honolulu. In the 19th century, Lahaina was the center of the global whaling industry, with many sailing ships anchoring at its waterfront; today pleasure craft make their home there. Lahaina's Front Street has been ranked one of the "Top Ten Greatest Streets" by the American Planning Association.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Maui's Front Street Named to Top 10 Great Streets for 2011 - Maui Now )〕 Lahaina's popularity as a tropical getaway has made its real estate some of the most expensive in Hawaii; many luxury homes and condos are sold for more than $2 million there.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.realestate.com/state/HI/ )〕 == History == In antiquity Lahaina was the royal capital of Maui Loa, aliʻi nui of the island of Maui, after he ceded the royal seat of Hana to the ruler of Hawaii Island. In Lahaina, the focus of activity is along Front Street, which dates back to the 1820s. It is lined with stores and restaurants and often packed with tourists. Banyan Tree Square features an exceptionally large banyan tree (''Ficus benghalensis'') planted by William Owen Smith on April 24, 1873, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the arrival of Christian missionaries. It is also the site of the reconstructed ruins of Lahaina Fort, originally built in 1832.〔Maui Historical Society. (1971) (). ''Lahaina Historical Guide''. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle, Co.〕 ''Lele'' was an ancient name of Lahaina. The name ''Lā hainā'' means "cruel sun" in the Hawaiian language, describing the sunny dry climate. Lahaina averages only of rain per year, much of which occurs from December to February. In 1795, before unification of the islands, the town was sacked by Kamehameha the Great. Lahaina was the capital of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1820 to 1845. King Kamehameha III, son of Kamehameha I, preferred the town to bustling Honolulu. He built a palace complex on a island, Mokuula, in a fishpond near the center of town.〔P.C. Klieger, 1998. ''Moku`ula: Maui's Sacred Isle'' Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.〕 In 1824, at the chiefs' request, Betsey Stockton started the first mission school open to the common people. It was once an important destination for the 19th-century whaling fleet, whose presence at Lahaina frequently led to conflicts with the Christian missionaries living there. On more than one occasion the conflict was so severe that it led to the shelling of Lahaina by whalers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lahaina, Hawaii」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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